"Cultivated land quality grade" standard issued, cultivated land has national standard since then

On the afternoon of May 5, the reporter learned from a press conference held by the Ministry of agriculture that recently the national standard of cultivated land quality grade (GB / T 33469-2016) was approved and issued by the General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China (SASAC), and has been officially implemented since December 30, 2016. This is the first national standard of cultivated land quality grade in China, which provides scientific indicators and methods for the investigation, monitoring and evaluation of cultivated land quality.

Cultivated land is the "lifeblood" of food production. Due to the situation of large population and little land, the protection of cultivated land in China has been under great pressure. At present, China is in the stage of industrialization and urbanization, and the pressure of protecting cultivated land is increasing.

Zeng Yande, director of the planting management department of the Ministry of agriculture, said that the protection of cultivated land is mainly reflected in two aspects: quantity stability and quality improvement. We will implement the strictest cultivated land protection system and keep the red line of 1.865 billion mu of cultivated land. At the same time, it is also necessary to implement the protection and improvement of cultivated land quality, carry out soil improvement, fertility improvement, treatment and repair, and improve the quality of cultivated land.

According to Zeng Yande, from the current point of view, the requirements of quantity protection are clear and specific, but the importance of quality protection is not enough and the requirements are unclear. For example, when implementing the balance of occupation and compensation of cultivated land in some places, the phenomenon of occupying paddy field to supplement dry land still exists. The quality of cultivated land is also changing under the influence of many factors. Only by grasping the physical and chemical properties and quality change trend of cultivated land in time can we better protect the quality of cultivated land.

As the cultivated land quality is invisible and progressive, it is urgent to formulate scientific, reasonable, universal and feasible evaluation standards. In 2015, with the support of the National Committee of standards, the Ministry of Agriculture organized the development of standards. "Cultivated land quality grade" fills in the gap of lack of unified standards in the current national level of cultivated land quality evaluation, provides methods and basis for the assessment of cultivated land quality grade, and also helps to improve the balance system of cultivated land occupation and compensation, and effectively control the quality acceptance of supplementary cultivated land.

"Cultivated land quality grade" put forward that from the perspective of agricultural production, the cultivated land fertility, soil health status and the ability of field infrastructure to meet the sustainable output and quality safety of agricultural products were evaluated, and the cultivated land quality was divided into 10 grades. The quality of cultivated land in the first grade land is the highest, and that in the tenth grade land is the lowest. According to the relevant person in charge of the National Standards Commission, the release and implementation of the standard has realized the unification of national cultivated land quality evaluation technical standards, which is conducive to guiding all localities to reasonably adjust the agricultural production layout according to the quality of cultivated land, relieve the pressure on resources and environment, and improve the quality and safety level of agricultural products.

According to the national comprehensive agricultural regionalization, combined with the characteristics of cultivated land and the distribution characteristics of soil types in different regions, the cultivated land in the whole country is divided into nine regions: Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and the areas along the Great Wall, Huang Huai Hai, Loess Plateau, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, southwest, South China, Gansu new area and Qinghai Tibet region. The evaluation indexes of each region are composed of 13 basic indexes And 6 regional complementary indicators, and gives the meaning of 19 evaluation indicators, acquisition methods, classification criteria and so on.

In the next step, the Ministry of agriculture, together with the National Standards Commission, will establish a monitoring and Protection Agency for cultivated land quality under the guidance of the national standard of cultivated land quality grade, and improve the regular release of the bulletin of cultivated land quality grade and the annual report system of cultivated land quality monitoring. During the 13th Five Year Plan period, we will focus on the grain production functional areas and important agricultural product production protection areas, build the cultivated land quality monitoring network covering the main soil types in China, build the cultivated land quality basic database and cultivated land quality management information system, so as to provide basic support for leaders' decision-making and agricultural production.

(this article is reprinted on China Agricultural Information Network)